【前言】
在开发过程中,经常有扫一扫功能,可以通过相机直接扫码,或者打开相册,识别相册中的二维码,下面介绍下如何实现一个扫码功能
一、首先看下实现效果如下
从布局上,最上边是一个标题,中间是不断上下扫描的动画,最下边是两个按钮,一个是打开闪光灯,一个是打开相册,这个布局可以自定义
二、扫码的关键组件
1、XComponent组件,用来实时预览相机拍摄的图片
2、ScanKit中的customScan系统工具类,用来打开相机,并实时识别相机中的二维码,并将图片内容展示在XComponent组件中,一旦捕获到二维码就会解析,并将结果返回给我们
3、ScanKit中的detectBarcode系统工具类,可以识别解析相册返回的图片流,并返回二维码信息
三、代码实现
代码实现步骤如下:
1、首先是布局,总共两部分,一个是XComponet用来实时展示相机拍摄的图片,另一部分就是自定义标题,扫描动画,底部操作按钮
2、要申请相机权限,否则ScanKit没法正常打开相机,权限申请可以参考我之前的文章
3、customScan初始化,并开启扫描,由于customScan需要将相机的图片实时展示在XComponent组件中,因此customScan初始化依赖XComponent组件的宽和高。特别是一些折叠屏,需要开发者实时计算宽和高,并重新初始化
页面代码实现:
import { customScan, scanBarcode, scanCore } from '@kit.ScanKit'; import hilog from '@ohos.hilog'; import { display } from '@kit.ArkUI'; import { PermissionUtils } from '../util/PermissionUtils'; import { AlbumUtil } from './AlbumUtil'; const TAG: string = '[customScanPage]'; @Entry @Component struct CustomScanPage { @State translateY: number = 0; @State surfaceId: string = '' // XComponent组件生成id @State cameraHeight: number = 640 // 设置预览流高度,默认单位:vp @State cameraWidth: number = 360 // 设置预览流宽度,默认单位:vp @State userGrant: boolean = false // 打开闪光灯 @State flashlightState: boolean = false private mXComponentController: XComponentController = new XComponentController() async onPageShow() { // 自定义启动第一步,用户申请权限 PermissionUtils.requestPermission('ohos.permission.CAMERA').then(grant => { this.userGrant = grant ?? false }) // 自定义启动第二步:设置预览流布局尺寸 this.setDisplay(); } async onPageHide() { // 页面消失或隐藏时,停止并释放相机流 this.releaseCamera(); } // 释放相机流 private async releaseCamera() { try { await customScan.stop(); await customScan.release(); } catch (error) { hilog.error(0x0001, TAG, `Failed to release customScan. Code: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`); } } // 竖屏时获取屏幕尺寸,设置预览流全屏示例 setDisplay() { try { // 默认竖屏 let displayClass = display.getDefaultDisplaySync(); let displayHeight = this.getUIContext().px2vp(displayClass.height); let displayWidth = this.getUIContext().px2vp(displayClass.width); let maxLen: number = Math.max(displayWidth, displayHeight); let minLen: number = Math.min(displayWidth, displayHeight); const RATIO: number = 16 / 9; this.cameraHeight = maxLen; this.cameraWidth = maxLen / RATIO; } catch (error) { hilog.error(0x0001, TAG, `Failed to getDefaultDisplaySync. Code: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`); } } // toast显示扫码结果 async showScanResult(result: scanBarcode.ScanResult) { this.initAndStartCamera(); // 使用toast显示出扫码结果 this.getUIContext().getPromptAction().showToast({ message: `解析到的url为${result.originalValue}`, duration: 5000 }); } async initAndStartCamera() { this.releaseCamera() let viewControl: customScan.ViewControl = { // xComponent的宽和高 width: this.cameraWidth, height: this.cameraHeight, surfaceId: this.surfaceId }; // 多码扫码识别,enableMultiMode: true 单码扫码识别enableMultiMode: false let options: scanBarcode.ScanOptions = { scanTypes: [scanCore.ScanType.ALL], enableMultiMode: true, enableAlbum: true } try { // 自定义启动第三步,初始化接口 customScan.init(options); // 自定义启动第四步,请求扫码接口,通过Promise方式回调 let result: scanBarcode.ScanResult[] = await customScan.start(viewControl) this.showScanResult(result[0]) } catch (error) { hilog.error(0x0001, TAG, `Failed to start customScan. Code: ${error.code}, message: ${error.message}`); } } build() { Stack() { if (this.userGrant) { Column() { XComponent({ id: 'componentId', type: XComponentType.SURFACE, controller: this.mXComponentController }) .onLoad(async () => { // 获取XComponent组件的surfaceId this.surfaceId = this.mXComponentController.getXComponentSurfaceId(); this.initAndStartCamera(); }) .width(this.cameraWidth) .height(this.cameraHeight) } .height('100%') .width('100%') } Column() { this.TopTips() this.buildScanAnimator() this.buildBottom() } } .width('100%') .height('100%') } // 自定义扫码界面的顶部返回按钮和扫码提示 @Builder TopTips() { Column({ space: 8 }) { Text('扫描二维码') .fontColor(Color.White) Text('对准二维码,即可自动扫描') .fontColor(Color.White) } .height(146) .width('100%') } // 扫描动画 @Builder buildScanAnimator() { Column() { Row() .width('90%') .height(8) .backgroundColor(Color.Blue) .translate({ y: this.translateY }) .opacity(0.4) .animation({ duration: 2500, curve: Curve.EaseInOut, iterations: -1, playMode: PlayMode.Alternate }) }.onAppear(() => { this.translateY = 240 }).height('40%') .width('100%') } // 构建底部按钮(打开关闭闪光灯、打开相册) @Builder buildBottom() { Row() { Column({ space: 8 }) { if (this.flashlightState) { SymbolGlyph($r('sys.symbol.flashlight_on_fill')) .fontColor([Color.White]) .onClick(() => { customScan.closeFlashLight() this.flashlightState = !this.flashlightState }) Text('关闭') .fontSize(14) .fontColor(Color.White) } else { SymbolGlyph($r('sys.symbol.flashlight_off_fill')) .fontColor([Color.White]) .onClick(() => { customScan.openFlashLight() this.flashlightState = !this.flashlightState }) Text('打开') .fontSize(14) .fontColor(Color.White) } } Column({ space: 8 }) { SymbolGlyph($r('sys.symbol.rectangle_on_rectangle_fill')) .fontColor([Color.White]) .onClick(() => { AlbumUtil.openAlbum().then(result => { if (result.length > 0) { this.showScanResult(result[0]) } }) }) Text('相册') .fontSize(14) .fontColor(Color.White) } }.justifyContent(FlexAlign.SpaceBetween) .padding({left:56,right:56}) .width('100%') } }打开相册,并识别相册图片二维码的工具类
import { detectBarcode, scanBarcode, scanCore } from "@kit.ScanKit"; import { photoAccessHelper } from "@kit.MediaLibraryKit"; export class AlbumUtil { static async openAlbum(): Promise<scanBarcode.ScanResult[]> { const photoSelectOptions: photoAccessHelper.PhotoSelectOptions = { MIMEType: photoAccessHelper.PhotoViewMIMETypes.IMAGE_TYPE, maxSelectNumber: 1, isPhotoTakingSupported: false, isEditSupported: false }; const photoPicker: photoAccessHelper.PhotoViewPicker = new photoAccessHelper.PhotoViewPicker(); try { const photoSelectResult: photoAccessHelper.PhotoSelectResult = await photoPicker.select(photoSelectOptions); if (photoSelectResult && photoSelectResult.photoUris && photoSelectResult.photoUris.length > 0) { return AlbumUtil.decodeAlbum(photoSelectResult.photoUris[0]); } } catch (error) { } return [] } static async decodeAlbum(uri: string): Promise<scanBarcode.ScanResult[]> { const inputImage: detectBarcode.InputImage = { uri }; try { const scanResults: Array<scanBarcode.ScanResult> = await detectBarcode.decode(inputImage, { scanTypes: [scanCore.ScanType.ALL], enableMultiMode: false, enableAlbum: true }); if (scanResults && scanResults.length > 0) { return [scanResults[0]] } else { return [] } } catch (error) { return [] } } }