企业微信API实战：自动化创建部门、批量导入成员与消息推送-平芜编程栈

前言

企业微信提供了完善的API接口，可以实现部门管理、成员管理、消息推送等自动化操作。很多企业的痛点是：员工入职流程靠手动，部门调整靠Excel导入，通知靠人工转发。

这篇用Python代码实现三个常见场景：自动创建部门、批量导入成员、定向消息推送。

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前置准备

企业微信管理员权限
获取access_token（企业ID + 应用Secret）
安装requests库

import requests import json # 企业微信配置 CORP_ID = "ww1234567890" # 企业ID CORP_SECRET = "your_secret_key" # 应用Secret AGENT_ID = 1000001 # 应用AgentId def get_access_token(): """ 获取企业微信access_token 有效期7200秒，建议缓存复用 """ url = f"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken" params = { "corpid": CORP_ID, "corpsecret": CORP_SECRET } response = requests.get(url, params=params) result = response.json() if result.get("errcode") != 0: raise Exception(f"获取token失败: {result.get('errmsg')}") return result["access_token"] # 获取token token = get_access_token()

场景一：自动创建部门

def create_department(name, parent_id=1, order=None): """ 创建企业微信部门 Args: name: 部门名称 parent_id: 父部门ID（根部门为1） order: 排序序号 Returns: department_id: 创建成功的部门ID """ url = f"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/department/create" payload = { "name": name, "parentid": parent_id } if order is not None: payload["order"] = order params = {"access_token": token} response = requests.post(url, params=params, json=payload) result = response.json() if result.get("errcode") != 0: raise Exception(f"创建部门失败: {result.get('errmsg')}") return result["id"] # 批量创建部门 departments = [ {"name": "技术研发部", "parent_id": 1, "order": 1}, {"name": "前端开发组", "parent_id": None, "order": 1}, # None会在下面替换 {"name": "后端开发组", "parent_id": None, "order": 2}, {"name": "测试组", "parent_id": None, "order": 3}, ] created_ids = {} parent_id = None for dept in departments: if dept["name"] == "技术研发部": dept_id = create_department(dept["name"], dept["parent_id"], dept.get("order")) parent_id = dept_id created_ids[dept["name"]] = dept_id else: dept["parent_id"] = parent_id dept_id = create_department(dept["name"], dept["parent_id"], dept.get("order")) created_ids[dept["name"]] = dept_id print(f"✅ 部门「{dept['name']}」创建成功，ID: {dept_id}") # 输出: ✅ 部门「技术研发部」创建成功，ID: 2 # ✅ 部门「前端开发组」创建成功，ID: 3 # ✅ 部门「后端开发组」创建成功，ID: 4 # ✅ 部门「测试组」创建成功，ID: 5

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场景二：批量导入成员

def invite_member(userid, name, department_ids, mobile=None, email=None): """ 创建成员并发送邀请 Args: userid: 员工工号（唯一标识） name: 员工姓名 department_ids: 所属部门ID列表 mobile: 手机号 email: 邮箱 """ url = f"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/create" payload = { "userid": userid, "name": name, "department": department_ids, "enable": 1 # 启用状态 } if mobile: payload["mobile"] = mobile if email: payload["email"] = email params = {"access_token": token} response = requests.post(url, params=params, json=payload) result = response.json() if result.get("errcode") != 0: raise Exception(f"创建成员失败: {result.get('errmsg')}") return True def batch_import_members(members_data, dept_id): """ 批量导入成员 Args: members_data: 成员数据列表 dept_id: 所属部门ID """ success_count = 0 fail_count = 0 for member in members_data: try: invite_member( userid=member["userid"], name=member["name"], department_ids=[dept_id], mobile=member.get("mobile"), email=member.get("email") ) success_count += 1 print(f"✅ 成员「{member['name']}」导入成功") except Exception as e: fail_count += 1 print(f"❌ 成员「{member['name']}」导入失败: {e}") print(f"\n导入完成：成功 {success_count} 人，失败 {fail_count} 人") # 使用示例 new_members = [ {"userid": "zhangsan", "name": "张三", "mobile": "13800138001", "email": "zhangsan@company.com"}, {"userid": "lisi", "name": "李四", "mobile": "13800138002", "email": "lisi@company.com"}, {"userid": "wangwu", "name": "王五", "mobile": "13800138003", "email": "wangwu@company.com"}, ] batch_import_members(new_members, dept_id=3) # 导入到前端开发组

场景三：定向消息推送

def send_text_message(user_list, content): """ 发送文本消息给指定成员 Args: user_list: 成员userid列表（最多100人） content: 消息文本内容 """ url = f"https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send" payload = { "touser": "|".join(user_list), # 用|分隔多个成员 "msgtype": "text", "agentid": AGENT_ID, "text": { "content": content } } params = {"access_token": token} response = requests.post(url, params=params, json=payload) result = response.json() if result.get("errcode") != 0: raise Exception(f"发送消息失败: {result.get('errmsg')}") return True # 使用示例：通知部门会议 send_text_message( user_list=["zhangsan", "lisi", "wangwu"], content="【通知】技术研发部周会，今天下午2:30在3楼会议室B举行，请准时参加。" )