PHP自动化构建与持续交付流水线

PHP自动化构建与持续交付流水线

自动化构建和持续交付是现代软件开发的基础设施。今天说说PHP项目的构建、测试、部署流水线的各个阶段。

构建阶段包括代码检查、依赖安装、静态分析和单元测试。

```php
// 构建状态追踪
class BuildPipeline
{
private string $buildId;
private string $branch;
private string $commit;
private array $stages = [];
private string $status = 'pending';
private ?string $error = null;

public function __construct(string $branch, string $commit)
{
$this->buildId = date('Ymd') . '_' . uniqid();
$this->branch = $branch;
$this->commit = $commit;
}

public function runStage(string $name, callable $stage): bool
{
echo "\n=== {$name} ===\n";
$startTime = microtime(true);

try {
$stage();
$duration = round((microtime(true) - $startTime) * 1000);
$this->stages[] = ['name' => $name, 'status' => 'success', 'duration' => $duration];
echo " 完成 ({$duration}ms)\n";
return true;
} catch (\Exception $e) {
$duration = round((microtime(true) - $startTime) * 1000);
$this->stages[] = ['name' => $name, 'status' => 'failed', 'duration' => $duration];
$this->error = $e->getMessage();
$this->status = 'failed';
echo " 失败: {$e->getMessage()}\n";
return false;
}
}

public function execute(array $stages): void
{
echo "构建 #{$this->buildId} 开始\n";
echo "分支: {$this->branch}, 提交: {$this->commit}\n";

foreach ($stages as $name => $stage) {
if (!$this->runStage($name, $stage)) {
echo "\n构建失败\n";
$this->status = 'failed';
return;
}
}

$this->status = 'success';
echo "\n构建成功\n";
}

public function getSummary(): array
{
$totalDuration = array_sum(array_column($this->stages, 'duration'));

return [
'build_id' => $this->buildId,
'branch' => $this->branch,
'commit' => $this->commit,
'status' => $this->status,
'stages' => $this->stages,
'total_duration_ms' => $totalDuration,
'error' => $this->error,
];
}
}

$build = new BuildPipeline('main', 'abc1234');

$build->execute([
'语法检查' => function () {
exec('php -l src/index.php 2>&1', $output, $code);
if ($code !== 0) throw new \RuntimeException(implode("\n", $output));
},
'依赖安装' => function () {
exec('composer install --no-dev --no-progress 2>&1', $output, $code);
if ($code !== 0) throw new \RuntimeException('Composer安装失败');
},
'单元测试' => function () {
exec('vendor/bin/phpunit --no-coverage 2>&1', $output, $code);
if ($code !== 0) throw new \RuntimeException('单元测试失败');
},
]);

print_r($build->getSummary());
?>
>

版本号管理和自动发布：

```php
class VersionManager
{
private string $versionFile;
private array $version;

public function __construct(string $versionFile = 'VERSION')
{
$this->versionFile = $versionFile;
$this->version = $this->load();
}

private function load(): array
{
if (file_exists($this->versionFile)) {
$content = trim(file_get_contents($this->versionFile));
$parts = explode('.', $content);
return [
'major' => (int)($parts[0] ?? 1),
'minor' => (int)($parts[1] ?? 0),
'patch' => (int)($parts[2] ?? 0),
];
}
return ['major' => 1, 'minor' => 0, 'patch' => 0];
}

public function getVersion(): string
{
return "{$this->version['major']}.{$this->version['minor']}.{$this->version['patch']}";
}

public function bumpMajor(): string
{
$this->version['major']++;
$this->version['minor'] = 0;
$this->version['patch'] = 0;
return $this->save();
}

public function bumpMinor(): string
{
$this->version['minor']++;
$this->version['patch'] = 0;
return $this->save();
}

public function bumpPatch(): string
{
$this->version['patch']++;
return $this->save();
}

private function save(): string
{
$version = $this->getVersion();
file_put_contents($this->versionFile, $version);
return $version;
}

public function generateChangelog(array $changes): string
{
$date = date('Y-m-d');
$version = $this->getVersion();

$log = "## [{$version}] - {$date}\n\n";
foreach ($changes as $type => $items) {
if (!empty($items)) {
$log .= "### {$type}\n";
foreach ($items as $item) {
$log .= "- {$item}\n";
}
$log .= "\n";
}
}

$changelogFile = 'CHANGELOG.md';
$existing = file_exists($changelogFile) ? file_get_contents($changelogFile) : '';
file_put_contents($changelogFile, $log . $existing);

return $version;
}
}

$version = new VersionManager();
echo "当前版本: {$version->getVersion()}\n";

$changes = [
'新增' => ['用户注册功能', '订单导出功能'],
'修复' => ['修复了分页bug', '修复了登录超时问题'],
];

$newVersion = $version->generateChangelog($changes);
echo "新版本: {$newVersion}\n";

// 自动打Tag
$tag = "v{$newVersion}";
exec("git tag -a {$tag} -m 'Release {$tag}'");
exec("git push origin {$tag}");
echo "Git Tag: {$tag}\n";
?>

构建产物管理和自动化部署脚本：

```php
class ArtifactManager
{
private string $artifactDir;

public function __construct(string $artifactDir = '/var/www/artifacts')
{
$this->artifactDir = rtrim($artifactDir, '/');
if (!is_dir($this->artifactDir)) mkdir($this->artifactDir, 0755, true);
}

public function build(string $sourceDir, string $version): string
{
$artifactName = "app-{$version}.tar.gz";
$artifactPath = "{$this->artifactDir}/{$artifactName}";

$exclude = ['--exclude=.git', '--exclude=node_modules', '--exclude=tests'];
$excludeStr = implode(' ', $exclude);

exec("tar -czf {$artifactPath} {$excludeStr} -C {$sourceDir} . 2>&1", $output, $code);

if ($code !== 0) {
throw new \RuntimeException("构建失败: " . implode("\n", $output));
}

echo "构建产物: {$artifactPath} (" . round(filesize($artifactPath) / 1024 / 1024, 2) . "MB)\n";
return $artifactPath;
}

public function deploy(string $artifact, string $targetDir): void
{
if (!file_exists($artifact)) {
throw new \RuntimeException("构建产物不存在: {$artifact}");
}

if (!is_dir($targetDir)) mkdir($targetDir, 0755, true);

exec("tar -xzf {$artifact} -C {$targetDir} 2>&1", $output, $code);

if ($code !== 0) {
throw new \RuntimeException("部署失败: " . implode("\n", $output));
}

$this->setPermissions($targetDir);
echo "部署完成: {$targetDir}\n";
}

private function setPermissions(string $dir): void
{
exec("chmod -R 755 {$dir}");
if (is_dir("{$dir}/storage")) {
exec("chmod -R 775 {$dir}/storage");
}
}
}
?>

自动化构建和持续交付是DevOps实践的核心。自动化流水线确保代码质量，减少人工操作，加快交付速度。构建、测试、部署的自动化程度越高，团队的交付效率也就越高。