银河麒麟x86架构一键安装oracle19c数据库
#!/bin/bash set -euo pipefail # ====================== 常量（不需要用户输入的固定配置） ====================== HOST_NAME="oracle" ORACLE_SID="orcl" ORACLE_CHARSET="ZHS16GBK" BUSINESS_USER="oracle" ORACLE_BASE="/opt/oracle" ORACLE_HOME="/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1" LISTENER_PORT="1521" DB_RPM="oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm" INSTALL_FLAG="/root/oracle_stage1.ok" CONF_FILE="/root/.oracle_install.conf" # 阶段间传递用户输入，权限 600 # ====================== 日志配置 ====================== LOG_FILE="/var/log/oracle_install_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).log" exec > >(tee -a "${LOG_FILE}") 2>&1 echo "📋 安装日志保存到：${LOG_FILE}" # ====================== root 检查 ====================== if [ "$(id -u)" != "0" ]; then echo "❌ 请用 root 用户执行！" exit 1 fi clear echo "============================================" echo " Oracle 19c 非容器 智能分阶段安装脚本" echo "============================================" echo "日志文件：${LOG_FILE}" echo "" # ====================== 工具函数 ====================== append_if_absent() { local line="$1" local file="$2" grep -qxF "${line}" "${file}" 2>/dev/null || echo "${line}" >> "${file}" } # ====================== 前置环境检查 ====================== check_environment() { echo -e "\n==================================================" echo " 环境预检" echo "==================================================" local errors=0 local mem_kb mem_kb=$(grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo | awk '{print $2}') if [ "${mem_kb}" -lt 2097152 ]; then echo "❌ 内存不足 2GB（当前: $((mem_kb/1024)) MB）" errors=$((errors + 1)) else echo "✅ 内存检查通过（$((mem_kb/1024)) MB）" fi local disk_avail disk_avail=$(df -BG /opt 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR==2{gsub("G",""); print $4}' || echo 0) if [ "${disk_avail}" -lt 20 ]; then echo "❌ /opt 剩余空间不足 20GB（当前: ${disk_avail}GB）" errors=$((errors + 1)) else echo "✅ 磁盘空间检查通过（/opt 剩余: ${disk_avail}GB）" fi local swap_kb swap_kb=$(grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo | awk '{print $2}') if [ "${swap_kb}" -lt 2097152 ]; then echo "⚠️ Swap 不足 2GB（当前: $((swap_kb/1024)) MB），建议增大 Swap" else echo "✅ Swap 检查通过（$((swap_kb/1024)) MB）" fi if [ "${errors}" -gt 0 ]; then echo "❌ 环境检查未通过，请修复以上问题后重试！" exit 1 fi echo -e "✅ 环境检查全部通过！\n" } # ====================== 智能依赖安装 ====================== install_deps() { echo -e "\n==================================================" echo " 开始安装 Oracle 系统依赖" echo "==================================================" local DEPS_LIST="binutils glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel \ libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libxcb \ make nfs-utils net-tools smartmontools sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel libnsl" set +e ping -c 2 -W 2 www.baidu.com > /dev/null 2>&1 if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then echo "✅ 网络正常，联网安装依赖..." dnf install -y ${DEPS_LIST} else echo "⚠️ 网络不通，离线安装系统依赖..." echo "--------------------------------------------------" shopt -s nullglob local rpm_files=(*.rpm) shopt -u nullglob if [ ${#rpm_files[@]} -eq 0 ]; then echo "❌ 当前目录无任何 .rpm 文件，离线安装失败！" exit 1 fi local installed=0 for rpm_file in "${rpm_files[@]}"; do if [[ "${rpm_file}" =~ ^oracle-database- ]]; then echo " ⏭ 跳过：${rpm_file}" continue fi echo " 📦 安装：${rpm_file}" rpm -Uvh "${rpm_file}" --nodeps --force 2>&1 || true installed=$((installed + 1)) done echo "--------------------------------------------------" echo " 共处理 ${installed} 个依赖 RPM" fi set -e echo -e "✅ 依赖安装完成！\n" } # ==================================================================== # 阶段判断：有 INSTALL_FLAG → 第二阶段；否则 → 第一阶段 # ==================================================================== if [ -f "${INSTALL_FLAG}" ]; then # ======================= 重启校验新增 BEGIN ======================= FLAG_TIME=$(cat "${INSTALL_FLAG}") NOW_TIME=$(date +%s) UPTIME=$(awk '{print int($1)}' /proc/uptime) BOOT_TIME=$((NOW_TIME - UPTIME)) if [ "${BOOT_TIME}" -lt "${FLAG_TIME}" ]; then echo "❌ 检测到还未重启，必须 reboot 后再继续执行！" echo " 请执行：reboot 重启服务器，再次运行此脚本" exit 1 fi # ======================= 重启校验新增 END ========================= # ================================================================ # 第二阶段：从配置文件加载变量，无需用户重复输入 # ================================================================ if [ ! -f "${CONF_FILE}" ]; then echo "❌ 找不到阶段配置文件 ${CONF_FILE}，无法继续！" echo " 请重新从第一阶段开始（删除 ${INSTALL_FLAG} 后重新运行脚本）" exit 1 fi # 加载第一阶段保存的变量 # shellcheck source=/dev/null source "${CONF_FILE}" echo "✅ 检测到重启完成，进入第二阶段安装" echo " IP地址 : ${SERVER_IP}" echo " SID : ${ORACLE_SID}" echo " 业务用户: ${BUSINESS_USER}" echo "" read -rp "继续安装？(y/n): " ok [ "${ok}" != "y" ] && exit 0 rm -f "${INSTALL_FLAG}" else # ================================================================ # 第一阶段：收集用户输入 → 保存配置文件 → 系统配置 → 等待重启 # ================================================================ echo "🆕 首次安装：第一阶段（环境检查 + 系统配置 + 依赖 + 用户）" echo "" # ---------- 收集所有需要用户输入的变量 ---------- read -rp "请输入当前服务器的IP地址: " SERVER_IP if [ -z "${SERVER_IP}" ]; then echo "❌ IP地址不能为空！" exit 1 fi read -rsp "请输入SYS密码（直接回车使用默认值 mhis）: " SYS_PASSWORD echo SYS_PASSWORD="${SYS_PASSWORD:-mhis}" read -rsp "请输入业务用户(${BUSINESS_USER})密码（直接回车使用默认值 oracle）: " BUSINESS_PASSWORD echo BUSINESS_PASSWORD="${BUSINESS_PASSWORD:-oracle}" read -rsp "请输入 oracle 操作系统用户密码: " ORACLE_OS_PASSWORD echo if [ -z "${ORACLE_OS_PASSWORD}" ]; then echo "❌ oracle 系统用户密码不能为空！" exit 1 fi echo "" read -rp "开始安装？(y/n): " ok [ "${ok}" != "y" ] && exit 0 # ---------- 持久化到配置文件（仅 root 可读） ---------- cat > "${CONF_FILE}" << CONF SERVER_IP="${SERVER_IP}" SYS_PASSWORD="${SYS_PASSWORD}" BUSINESS_PASSWORD="${BUSINESS_PASSWORD}" ORACLE_OS_PASSWORD="${ORACLE_OS_PASSWORD}" CONF chmod 600 "${CONF_FILE}" echo "✅ 配置已保存到 ${CONF_FILE}（权限 600，仅 root 可读）" # ---------- 环境预检 ---------- check_environment echo ">>> 配置主机名和 hosts" grep -qxF "${SERVER_IP} ${HOST_NAME} ${HOST_NAME}.localdomain" /etc/hosts \ || echo "${SERVER_IP} ${HOST_NAME} ${HOST_NAME}.localdomain" >> /etc/hosts hostnamectl set-hostname "${HOST_NAME}" install_deps echo ">>> 创建 Oracle 用户组" getent group oinstall || groupadd -g 54321 oinstall getent group dba || groupadd -g 54322 dba getent group oper || groupadd -g 54323 oper echo ">>> 创建 oracle 用户" if ! id oracle &>/dev/null; then useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle fi echo ">>> 设置 oracle 系统用户密码" echo "oracle:${ORACLE_OS_PASSWORD}" | chpasswd mkdir -p "${ORACLE_HOME}" chown -R oracle:oinstall "${ORACLE_BASE}" chmod -R 775 "${ORACLE_BASE}" # 写入当前时间戳，用于第二阶段验证是否真正重启 date +%s > "${INSTALL_FLAG}" echo -e "\n✅ 第一阶段安装完成！" echo "⚠️ 请执行：reboot 重启服务器" echo "🔄 重启后重新运行本脚本，将自动进入第二阶段" exit 0 fi # ==================================================================== # 第二阶段主体 # ==================================================================== echo ">>> 第二阶段：安装 Oracle 软件 + 创建非容器数据库" if [ ! -f "${DB_RPM}" ]; then echo "❌ 缺少 ${DB_RPM} 安装包，请确认文件在当前目录！" exit 1 fi # ---------- 安装 Oracle RPM ---------- if rpm -q oracle-database-ee-19c &>/dev/null; then echo "✅ Oracle 19c RPM 已安装，跳过..." else echo ">>> 安装 Oracle 19c 主程序（此步骤较慢，请耐心等待）..." set +e rpm -ivh "${DB_RPM}" --nodeps --force --nosignature RPM_RC=$? set -e if [ "${RPM_RC}" -ne 0 ]; then echo "❌ Oracle RPM 安装失败（返回码：${RPM_RC}），请检查日志：${LOG_FILE}" exit 1 fi fi chown -R oracle:oinstall "${ORACLE_BASE}" # ---------- 配置环境变量 ---------- echo ">>> 配置 oracle 用户环境变量" if ! grep -q "ORACLE_BASE" /home/oracle/.bash_profile 2>/dev/null; then sudo -u oracle tee -a /home/oracle/.bash_profile > /dev/null << EOF # Oracle 19c ENV (added by install script) export ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} export ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} export ORACLE_SID=${ORACLE_SID} export PATH=\${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:\${PATH} export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.${ORACLE_CHARSET} export LANG=C EOF echo "✅ 环境变量写入完成" else echo "✅ 环境变量已存在，跳过..." fi # ---------- 配置数据库服务 ---------- SERVICE_NAME="oracledb_${ORACLE_SID}-19c" INIT_SCRIPT="/etc/init.d/${SERVICE_NAME}" SYSCONFIG_FILE="/etc/sysconfig/${SERVICE_NAME}.conf" echo ">>> 配置数据库服务：${SERVICE_NAME}" if [ ! -f "${INIT_SCRIPT}" ]; then cp /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c "${INIT_SCRIPT}" cp /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c.conf "${SYSCONFIG_FILE}" sed -i "s/export ORACLE_SID=.*/export ORACLE_SID=${ORACLE_SID}/" "${INIT_SCRIPT}" sed -i "s/export CHARSET=.*/export CHARSET=${ORACLE_CHARSET}/" "${INIT_SCRIPT}" sed -i "s/export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=.*/export NUMBER_OF_PDBS=0/" "${INIT_SCRIPT}" sed -i "s/export CREATE_AS_CDB=.*/export CREATE_AS_CDB=false/" "${INIT_SCRIPT}" sed -i "s/export PDB_NAME=.*/export PDB_NAME=ORCLPDB1/" "${INIT_SCRIPT}" sed -i "s|dbca -silent -createDatabase|dbca -silent -J-Doracle.assistants.dbca.validate.ConfigurationParams=false -createDatabase|" "${INIT_SCRIPT}" else echo "✅ 服务脚本已存在，跳过生成..." fi # ---------- 创建数据库 ---------- if grep -q "^${ORACLE_SID}:" /etc/oratab 2>/dev/null; then echo "✅ 数据库 ${ORACLE_SID} 已存在（oratab 中有记录），跳过创建..." else echo ">>> 开始创建非容器数据库，耗时 5~10 分钟..." /etc/init.d/"${SERVICE_NAME}" configure fi # ---------- 配置数据库用户 ---------- echo ">>> 修改 SYS 密码、创建业务用户" su - oracle -c " export ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} export ORACLE_SID=${ORACLE_SID} export PATH=\${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:\${PATH} sqlplus -S / as sysdba <<'SQLEOF' set feedback off; set echo off; alter user sys identified by ${SYS_PASSWORD}; declare v_count number; begin select count(*) into v_count from dba_users where username = upper('${BUSINESS_USER}'); if v_count = 0 then execute immediate 'create user ${BUSINESS_USER} identified by ${BUSINESS_PASSWORD}'; execute immediate 'grant dba, connect, resource to ${BUSINESS_USER}'; else execute immediate 'alter user ${BUSINESS_USER} identified by ${BUSINESS_PASSWORD}'; end if; end; / exit; SQLEOF " # ---------- 配置开机自启 ---------- echo ">>> 配置 dbstart（修复 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER）" grep -q 'ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=\$ORACLE_HOME' "${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/dbstart" \ || sed -i "s/ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=\$1/ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=\$ORACLE_HOME/" "${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/dbstart" echo ">>> 配置 oratab 自启标志" sed -i "/^${ORACLE_SID}:/s|:N$|:Y|" /etc/oratab echo ">>> 配置 rc.local 自启（幂等写入）" chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local append_if_absent "su - oracle -c 'lsnrctl start'" /etc/rc.d/rc.local append_if_absent "su - oracle -c 'dbstart'" /etc/rc.d/rc.local # ---------- 配置防火墙 ---------- echo ">>> 配置防火墙（开放 ${LISTENER_PORT} 端口）" if systemctl is-active --quiet firewalld; then firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port="${LISTENER_PORT}/tcp" && \ firewall-cmd --reload && \ echo "✅ 防火墙已放行端口 ${LISTENER_PORT}" \ || echo "⚠️ 防火墙配置失败，请手动开放 ${LISTENER_PORT} 端口" else echo "⚠️ firewalld 未运行，跳过（如有其他防火墙请手动开放 ${LISTENER_PORT} 端口）" fi # ---------- 启动监听 ---------- echo ">>> 启动监听器" su - oracle -c " export ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} export PATH=\${ORACLE_HOME}/bin:\${PATH} lsnrctl start || true " # ---------- 清理临时配置文件（密码不再需要） ---------- rm -f "${CONF_FILE}" echo "✅ 临时配置文件已清除" # ---------- 完成信息 ---------- echo "" echo "================================================================================" echo " 🎉 Oracle 19c 非容器数据库 安装成功！" echo "================================================================================" echo " 主机IP : ${SERVER_IP}" echo " SID : ${ORACLE_SID}" echo " 端口 : ${LISTENER_PORT}" echo " 字符集 : ${ORACLE_CHARSET}" echo " SYS密码 : ${SYS_PASSWORD}" echo " 业务用户 : ${BUSINESS_USER} / ${BUSINESS_PASSWORD}" echo " 安装日志 : ${LOG_FILE}" echo "================================================================================" echo " 连接示例（DBA） : sqlplus sys/${SYS_PASSWORD}@${SERVER_IP}:${LISTENER_PORT}/${ORACLE_SID} as sysdba" echo " 连接示例（业务） : sqlplus ${BUSINESS_USER}/${BUSINESS_PASSWORD}@${SERVER_IP}:${LISTENER_PORT}/${ORACLE_SID}" echo "================================================================================"完整安装包地址：
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