摘要
在工业生产和实验室研究中，真空干燥器的精准控制对保障干燥效果、提高产品质量具有重要意义。传统的真空干燥器多依赖人工操作，存在气压和温度控制精度低、响应滞后、缺乏实时监控与远程调节功能等问题，难以满足现代化生产对高效、精准干燥的需求。
基于 STM32F103C8T6 单片机的真空干燥器智能控制系统，整合了 XGZP6847 气压检测模块、DS18B20 温度检测模块、3 个独立按键、OLED 显示屏、声光报警装置、抽真空电机、加热装置及 ESP8266WiFi 模块，实现了真空干燥过程的自动化监测与智能调控。系统核心功能包括：通过 XGZP6847 实时检测气压值，当气压大于设定最大值时启动抽真空电机，若气压超过危险值则触发声光报警并关闭抽真空电机；通过 DS18B20 检测环境温度，温度低于设定最小值时自动开启加热，高于最大值时停止加热，若温度超出安全范围则进行声光报警；支持通过 3 个独立按键切换界面设置气压和温度阈值，控制抽真空电机与加热装置的启停；通过 OLED 显示屏实时显示气压、温度及设备运行状态；借助 ESP8266WiFi 模块将数据传输至手机端，可远程设置阈值、控制设备，当气压或温度异常时，手机端会弹窗震动提醒。
该系统的实现，有效提升了真空干燥器的自动化与智能化水平，减少了人工干预，确保了气压和温度的精准控制及设备运行安全，为高效、高质量的干燥作业提供了可靠保障，同时为同类智能干燥设备的研发提供了参考，具有较高的实际应用价值。
关键词：STM32F103C8T6；真空干燥器；智能控制系统；气压检测；温度控制；WiFi 通信
ABSTRACT
In industrial production and laboratory research, precise control of vacuum dryers is of great significance for ensuring drying effects and improving product quality. Traditional vacuum dryers mostly rely on manual operation, with problems such as low accuracy in pressure and temperature control, delayed response, and lack of real-time monitoring and remote adjustment functions, which are difficult to meet the needs of modern production for efficient and precise drying.
The intelligent control system of vacuum dryer based on STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller integrates XGZP6847 pressure detection module, DS18B20 temperature detection module, 3 independent buttons, OLED display, sound and light alarm device, vacuum pump motor, heating device and ESP8266WiFi module, realizing automatic monitoring and intelligent regulation of the vacuum drying process. The core functions of the system include: real-time detection of pressure value through XGZP6847, starting the vacuum pump motor when the pressure is greater than the set maximum value, and triggering sound and light alarm and turning off the vacuum pump motor if the pressure exceeds the dangerous value; detecting the ambient temperature through DS18B20, automatically turning on heating when the temperature is lower than the set minimum value, stopping heating when it is higher than the maximum value, and giving an audible and visual alarm if the temperature exceeds the safe range; supporting the setting of pressure and temperature thresholds through 3 independent buttons to switch interfaces, and controlling the start and stop of the vacuum pump motor and heating device; real-time display of pressure, temperature and equipment operation status through OLED display; transmitting data to the mobile phone through ESP8266WiFi module, which can remotely set thresholds and control equipment. When the pressure or temperature is abnormal, the mobile phone will pop up a window and vibrate to remind.
The implementation of this system effectively improves the automation and intelligence level of the vacuum dryer, reduces manual intervention, ensures the precise control of pressure and temperature and the safe operation of equipment, provides a reliable guarantee for efficient and high-quality drying operations, and also provides a reference for the research and development of similar intelligent drying equipment, with high practical application value.
Keywords:STM32F103C8T6; Vacuum dryer; Intelligent control system; Pressure detection; Temperature control; WiFi communication
目录
第 1 章 绪论
1.1 研究的目的及意义
1.2 国内外发展情况
1.3 本文主要研究内容
第2章 设计思路与方案论证
2.1 主要元器件选择
2.1.1 主控芯片选择
2.1.2 气压检测模块选择
2.1.3 温度检测模块选择
2.1.4 按键模块选择
2.1.5 显示模块选择
2.1.6 WiFi 模块选择
2.1.7 声光报警模块选择
2.2整体设计方案
第 3 章 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路模块
3.2 气压检测模块电路
3.3 温度检测模块电路
3.4 按键模块电路
3.5 显示模块电路
3.6 WiFi 模块电路
3.7 声光报警模块电路
3.8 执行设备驱动电路
第4章 系统程序设计
4.1 编程软件介绍
4.2 系统主流程设计
4.3 独立按键
4.4 OLED显示流程设计
4.5 温度检测模块子流程设计
4.6 WiFi模块子流程设计
第 5 章 实物测试
5.1 整体实物测试
5.2 气压检测模块功能测试
5.3 温度检测模块功能测试
5.4 WiFi 模块功能测试
5.5 按键设置与显示功能测试
5.6 声光报警模块功能测试
第 6 章 总结与展望
6.1 总结
6.2 展望
致谢
参考文献
附录
附录一：原理图
附录二：PCB
附录三：主程序
