目录
1.在Remix中集成UUPS升级合约
2.在Hardhat中集成UUPS升级合约
上一篇讲了集成透明升级合约：
https://blog.csdn.net/fyihdg/article/details/155883276
这一篇讲一下UUPS升级合约
1.在Remix中集成UUPS升级合约
首先准备好代码：
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity ^0.8.26; import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol"; import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol"; // 导入 ERC1967Utils import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Utils.sol"; // 导入 ERC1967Proxy（用于测试,不引入这个，部署面板上不会显示ERC1967Proxy） import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol"; contract UUPSV1 is Initializable, UUPSUpgradeable, OwnableUpgradeable { uint public x; constructor(uint _var) { x = _var; } function _authorizeUpgrade(address implementation) internal override {} function initialize(uint _var) external initializer { x = _var; __Ownable_init(msg.sender); } function call() external { x = x + 1; } function showCode() external pure returns (bytes memory) { return abi.encodeWithSelector(this.initialize.selector, 1); } } contract UUPSV2 is Initializable, UUPSUpgradeable, OwnableUpgradeable { uint public x; constructor(uint _var) { x = _var; } function _authorizeUpgrade(address implementation) internal override {} function initialize(uint _var) external initializer { x = _var; __Ownable_init(msg.sender); } function showCode() external pure returns (bytes memory) { return abi.encodeWithSelector(this.initialize.selector, 1); } function call() external { x = x * 2; } }然后分别部署
UUPSV1和UUPSV1，部署时，都写0.
然后选择ERC1967Proxy
点击“transact"，ERC1967Proxy成功
合约地址其实没变，只是名称变了
此时测试，点 ”x:按钮，显示1，然后点”call"按钮，显示“2”
这个时候，我们升级，换成UUPSV2，复制UUPSV2的地址
照着图中操作，点upgradeToAndCall中的，"transact"‘然后再点，"x"还是显示2，状态没丢，然后点一下"call"按钮，再点“x"按钮，发现值变成4，升级成功了
2.在Hardhat中集成UUPS升级合约
把代码分别复制粘贴到vscode中，但是有编译错误
确认你已用 Yarn 正确安装依赖，执行命令(之前都是用yarn命令，所以必须一直保持一致)：
yarn add @openzeppelin/contracts yarn add @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable编译
npx hardhat compile # 或 yarn hardhat compileD:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17>yarn hardhat compile yarn run v1.22.22 $ D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\.bin\hardhat compile [dotenv@17.2.3] injecting env (2) from .env -- tip: 🛠️ run anywhere with `dotenvx run -- yourcommand` Generating typings for: 14 artifacts in dir: typechain-types for target: ethers-v6 Successfully generated 74 typings! Compiled 14 Solidity files successfully (evm target: paris). Done in 3.25s.这说明你的合约代码已经能成功编译！VS Code 中的红色波浪线是“假报错”，虽然不影响编译，但红色波浪线很烦人。你可以通过以下任一方法修复：在项目根目录（和hardhat.config.js同级）创建一个文件，每行末尾的 / 不能省略！：
@openzeppelin/contracts/=node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts/ @openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/=node_modules/@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/然后 重启 VS Code，新建UUPSV1.sol.UUPSV2.sol，注意要把构造函数去掉
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity ^0.8.26; import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol"; import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol"; // 导入 ERC1967Proxy（用于测试,不引入这个，部署面板上不会显示ERC1967Proxy） import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol"; contract UUPSV1 is Initializable, UUPSUpgradeable, OwnableUpgradeable { uint public x; function _authorizeUpgrade(address implementation) internal override {} function initialize(uint _var) external initializer { x = _var; __Ownable_init(msg.sender); } function call() external { x = x + 1; } function showCode() external pure returns (bytes memory) { return abi.encodeWithSelector(this.initialize.selector, 1); } }UUPSV2.js
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT pragma solidity ^0.8.26; import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/utils/UUPSUpgradeable.sol"; import "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/access/OwnableUpgradeable.sol"; // 导入 ERC1967Proxy（用于测试,不引入这个，部署面板上不会显示ERC1967Proxy） import "@openzeppelin/contracts/proxy/ERC1967/ERC1967Proxy.sol"; contract UUPSV2 is Initializable, UUPSUpgradeable, OwnableUpgradeable { uint public x; function _authorizeUpgrade(address implementation) internal override {} function initialize(uint _var) external initializer { x = _var; __Ownable_init(msg.sender); } function showCode() external pure returns (bytes memory) { return abi.encodeWithSelector(this.initialize.selector, 1); } function call() external { x = x * 2; } }在test 目录新建，UUPS.js
const hre = require("hardhat"); async function deploy() { const _UUPSV1 = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory("UUPSV1"); const v1 = await hre.upgrades.deployProxy(_UUPSV1, [1], { initializer: "initialize", kind: "UUPS", }); await v1.waitForDeployment(); console.log(await v1.getAddress()); console.log(await v1.x()); await v1.call(); console.log(await v1.x()); const _UUPSV2 = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory("UUPSV2"); await hre.upgrades.upgradeProxy(await v1.getAddress(), _UUPSV2); console.log(await v1.x()); await v1.call(); console.log(await v1.x()); } deploy();然后运行命令：
npx hardhat run test/UUPS.js可能会报以下错误
D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17>npx hardhat run test/UUPS.js [dotenv@17.2.3] injecting env (2) from .env -- tip: 👥 sync secrets across teammates & machines: https://dotenvx.com/ops Compiled 2 Solidity files successfully (evm target: paris). [dotenv@17.2.3] injecting env (0) from .env -- tip: 🔑 add access controls to secrets: https://dotenvx.com/ops D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\utils\pick.ts:4 res[k] = obj[k]; ^ TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'address') at pick (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\utils\pick.ts:4:17) at normalizeDeployment (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:347:14) at D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:333:37 at Array.map (<anonymous>) at normalizeManifestData (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:333:28) at Manifest.write (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:272:24) at D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:197:18 at async Manifest.lockedRun (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:282:14) at async Manifest.addProxy (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\upgrades-core\src\manifest.ts:190:5) at async Proxy.deployProxy (D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17\node_modules\@openzeppelin\hardhat-upgrades\src\deploy-proxy.ts:114:5) D:\csdn\Hardhat2.22.17>原因：Hardhat 2.22.17 + OpenZeppelin Hardhat Upgrades v3+ = 不兼容
如果报错，可以这样解决，修改UUPS.js内容为：
const hre = require("hardhat"); async function deploy() { try { // 1. 部署 UUPSV1 代理合约（保留小写 kind: "uups"） const _UUPSV1 = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory("UUPSV1"); console.log("开始部署 UUPSV1 代理合约..."); const v1 = await hre.upgrades.deployProxy(_UUPSV1, [1], { initializer: "initialize", kind: "uups", }); await v1.waitForDeployment(); // Ethers v6 等待部署完成 // 2. Ethers v6 获取地址（必须用 getAddress()） const proxyAddress = await v1.getAddress(); console.log("代理合约地址:", proxyAddress); // 3. 验证初始值 const initialX = await v1.x(); console.log("初始 x 值:", initialX.toString()); // 预期输出 1 // 4. 调用 V1 的 call 方法 await v1.call(); const afterV1CallX = await v1.x(); console.log("V1 call 后 x 值:", afterV1CallX.toString()); // 预期输出 2 // 5. 升级到 UUPSV2 console.log("开始升级到 UUPSV2..."); const _UUPSV2 = await hre.ethers.getContractFactory("UUPSV2"); const v2 = await hre.upgrades.upgradeProxy(proxyAddress, _UUPSV2); await v2.waitForDeployment(); // 6. 验证升级后的值 const afterUpgradeX = await v2.x(); console.log("升级后 x 值:", afterUpgradeX.toString()); // 预期输出 2 await v2.call(); const afterV2CallX = await v2.x(); console.log("V2 call 后 x 值:", afterV2CallX.toString()); // 预期输出 4 } catch (error) { console.error("部署失败:", error); process.exit(1); } } deploy();清理所有缓存
# 删除 OpenZeppelin 清单缓存 rmdir /s /q .openzeppelin # 删除编译缓存 npx hardhat clean # 删除节点缓存（适配 hardhat@2.22.17） rmdir /s /q %USERPROFILE%\.hardhat\node-cache重新编译合约
npx hardhat compile启动本地节点（新开管理员终端）：
npx hardhat node运行部署脚本（另一个终端）：
npx hardhat run test/UUPS.js --network hardhat
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